What is the process of "becoming Black"? Several theories and measures have emerged in the field of psychology in attempts of answering this very question. In the episode, Dr. Afiya worked up the courage to interview the esteemed Dr. William E. Cross Jr while he was in a busy lobby between sessions at the Black Psychologists conference. Dr. Cross is a theorist and researcher in Black identity development. He is best known for his Nigrescence Model, first detailed in a 1971 publication, and his book, Shades of Black, published in 1991. Cross’ Nigrescence Model expanded upon the work of Black psychologists who came before him, and created an important foundation for racial/ethnic identity psychology. Throughout his career, Cross has been concerned with racial identity theory and the negative effects of Western thought and science on the psychology of Black Americans, specifically the need for “psychological liberation under conditions of oppression.”